See く on Wiktionary
{
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 久 in the cursive sōsho style.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syllable"
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],
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"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "syllable",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gu",
"word": "ぐ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The hiragana syllable く (ku). Its equivalent in katakana is ク (ku). It is the eighth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is か行う段 (ka-gyō u-dan, “row ka, section u”)."
],
"id": "en-く-ja-syllable-t81muflI",
"links": [
[
"く",
"く#Japanese"
],
[
"ク",
"ク#Japanese"
],
[
"gojūon",
"gojūon"
],
[
"行",
"行#Japanese"
],
[
"段",
"段#Japanese"
]
]
}
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{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "九",
"10": "駒",
"11": "矩",
"12": "狗",
"13": "躯",
"14": "懼",
"2": "口",
"3": "工",
"4": "区",
"5": "苦",
"6": "久",
"7": "句",
"8": "供",
"9": "駆"
},
"expansion": "(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 工, 久, 供, 駆, 駒, 狗, 懼.)",
"name": "ja-see-kango"
}
],
"etymology_text": "(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 工, 久, 供, 駆, 駒, 狗, 懼.)\nSome obsolete inflections.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ku",
"tags": [
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "く • (ku)",
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"lang_code": "ja",
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"redirects": [
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"口",
"工",
"区",
"苦",
"久",
"句",
"供",
"駆",
"駒",
"矩",
"狗",
"躯",
"懼"
],
"senses": [
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"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"消: disappear"
],
"id": "en-く-ja-verb-3tUuYwQX",
"links": [
[
"消",
"消#Japanese"
],
[
"disappear",
"disappear"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"来: come"
],
"id": "en-く-ja-verb-QWhp7xbw",
"links": [
[
"来",
"来#Japanese"
],
[
"come",
"come"
]
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"sounds": [
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],
"word": "く"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja:ク語法"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/-ru aku/"
},
"expansion": "/-ru aku/",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
"1": "/-raku/"
},
"expansion": "/-raku/",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
"1": "連体形",
"2": "れんたいけい"
},
"expansion": "連体形(れんたいけい) (rentaikei)",
"name": "ja-r"
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{
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"1": "所",
"2": "あく"
},
"expansion": "所(あく) (aku)",
"name": "ja-r"
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{
"args": {
"1": "く"
},
"expansion": "く (ku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "未然形",
"2": "みぜんけい"
},
"expansion": "未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "四段活用",
"2": "よだん かつよう"
},
"expansion": "四段活用(よだんかつよう) (yodan katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ラ行変格活用",
"2": "ラ-ぎょう へんかく かつよう"
},
"expansion": "ラ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ra-gyō henkaku katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "らく"
},
"expansion": "らく (raku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "終止形",
"2": "しゅうしけい"
},
"expansion": "終止形(しゅうしけい) (shūshikei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "二段活用",
"2": "にだん かつよう"
},
"expansion": "二段活用(にだんかつよう) (nidan katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "サ行変格活用",
"2": "サ-ぎょう へんかく かつよう"
},
"expansion": "サ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "カ行変格活用",
"2": "カ-ぎょう へんかく かつよう"
},
"expansion": "カ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ナ行変格活用",
"2": "ナ-ぎょう へんかく かつよう"
},
"expansion": "ナ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (na-gyō henkaku katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "未然形",
"2": "みぜんけい"
},
"expansion": "未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連用形",
"2": "れんようけい"
},
"expansion": "連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "一段活用",
"2": "いちだん かつよう"
},
"expansion": "一段活用(いちだんかつよう) (ichidan katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "けく"
},
"expansion": "けく (keku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ク語法",
"2": "ク-ごほう"
},
"expansion": "ク語法(ごほう) (ku-gohō)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/-u aku//-ru aku//-ki aku/ → /(-a)ku//-raku//-keku/\nOriginally a compound of the 連体形(れんたいけい) (rentaikei) of verbs and adjectives and 所(あく) (aku); Old Japanese contractions of vowel clusters caused it to be reanalyzed as the suffixes:\n* く (ku) following\n** 未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei) of 四段活用(よだんかつよう) (yodan katsuyō) and ラ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ra-gyō henkaku katsuyō) verbs\n* らく (raku) following\n**終止形(しゅうしけい) (shūshikei) of 二段活用(にだんかつよう) (nidan katsuyō), サ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō), カ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō), and ナ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (na-gyō henkaku katsuyō) verbs\n** 未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei) or 連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei) of 一段活用(いちだんかつよう) (ichidan katsuyō) verbs\n* けく (keku) following the stem of adjectives.\nThe use of this nominalizer is called ク語法(ごほう) (ku-gohō).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "所",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"kanji",
"obsolete"
]
}
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"expansion": "く • (-ku)",
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"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "76 22 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 20 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 18 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "78 18 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "74 24 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "74 24 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "iwaku",
"ruby": [
[
"曰",
"いわ"
]
],
"word": "曰く"
},
{
"roman": "notamawaku",
"ruby": [
[
"曰",
"のたまわ"
]
],
"word": "曰く"
},
{
"roman": "negawaku wa",
"ruby": [
[
"願",
"ねが"
]
],
"word": "願わくは"
},
{
"roman": "omowaku",
"ruby": [
[
"思惑",
"おもわく"
]
],
"word": "思惑"
},
{
"roman": "osoraku",
"ruby": [
[
"恐",
"おそ"
]
],
"word": "恐らく"
},
{
"roman": "teitaraku",
"word": "体たらく"
},
{
"roman": "teitaraku",
"word": "為体"
},
{
"roman": "omoeraku",
"ruby": [
[
"以為",
"おもえ"
]
],
"word": "以為らく"
},
{
"roman": "-maku",
"word": "まく"
},
{
"roman": "-naku",
"word": "なく"
},
{
"roman": "subekaraku",
"ruby": [
[
"須",
"すべか"
]
],
"word": "須らく"
},
{
"roman": "kikunaraku",
"ruby": [
[
"聞",
"き"
]
],
"word": "聞くならく"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A nominalizing suffix in Old Japanese."
],
"id": "en-く-ja-suffix-tYJkWrKB",
"links": [
[
"Old Japanese",
"Old Japanese#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A nominalizing suffix in Old Japanese."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "く"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese syllables",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gu",
"word": "ぐ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 久 in the cursive sōsho style",
"name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 久 in the cursive sōsho style.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ku",
"tags": [
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}
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"expansion": "く • (ku)",
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"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "syllable",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The hiragana syllable く (ku). Its equivalent in katakana is ク (ku). It is the eighth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is か行う段 (ka-gyō u-dan, “row ka, section u”)."
],
"links": [
[
"く",
"く#Japanese"
],
[
"ク",
"ク#Japanese"
],
[
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"gojūon"
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[
"行",
"行#Japanese"
],
[
"段",
"段#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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"sōsho"
],
"word": "く"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "九",
"10": "駒",
"11": "矩",
"12": "狗",
"13": "躯",
"14": "懼",
"2": "口",
"3": "工",
"4": "区",
"5": "苦",
"6": "久",
"7": "句",
"8": "供",
"9": "駆"
},
"expansion": "(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 工, 久, 供, 駆, 駒, 狗, 懼.)",
"name": "ja-see-kango"
}
],
"etymology_text": "(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 工, 久, 供, 駆, 駒, 狗, 懼.)\nSome obsolete inflections.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ku",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "く • (ku)",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"redirects": [
"九",
"口",
"工",
"区",
"苦",
"久",
"句",
"供",
"駆",
"駒",
"矩",
"狗",
"躯",
"懼"
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"消: disappear"
],
"links": [
[
"消",
"消#Japanese"
],
[
"disappear",
"disappear"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"来: come"
],
"links": [
[
"来",
"来#Japanese"
],
[
"come",
"come"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "く"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "iwaku",
"ruby": [
[
"曰",
"いわ"
]
],
"word": "曰く"
},
{
"roman": "notamawaku",
"ruby": [
[
"曰",
"のたまわ"
]
],
"word": "曰く"
},
{
"roman": "negawaku wa",
"ruby": [
[
"願",
"ねが"
]
],
"word": "願わくは"
},
{
"roman": "omowaku",
"ruby": [
[
"思惑",
"おもわく"
]
],
"word": "思惑"
},
{
"roman": "osoraku",
"ruby": [
[
"恐",
"おそ"
]
],
"word": "恐らく"
},
{
"roman": "teitaraku",
"word": "体たらく"
},
{
"roman": "teitaraku",
"word": "為体"
},
{
"roman": "omoeraku",
"ruby": [
[
"以為",
"おもえ"
]
],
"word": "以為らく"
},
{
"roman": "-maku",
"word": "まく"
},
{
"roman": "-naku",
"word": "なく"
},
{
"roman": "subekaraku",
"ruby": [
[
"須",
"すべか"
]
],
"word": "須らく"
},
{
"roman": "kikunaraku",
"ruby": [
[
"聞",
"き"
]
],
"word": "聞くならく"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja:ク語法"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/-ru aku/"
},
"expansion": "/-ru aku/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/-raku/"
},
"expansion": "/-raku/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連体形",
"2": "れんたいけい"
},
"expansion": "連体形(れんたいけい) (rentaikei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "所",
"2": "あく"
},
"expansion": "所(あく) (aku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "く"
},
"expansion": "く (ku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "未然形",
"2": "みぜんけい"
},
"expansion": "未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "四段活用",
"2": "よだん かつよう"
},
"expansion": "四段活用(よだんかつよう) (yodan katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ラ行変格活用",
"2": "ラ-ぎょう へんかく かつよう"
},
"expansion": "ラ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ra-gyō henkaku katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "らく"
},
"expansion": "らく (raku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "終止形",
"2": "しゅうしけい"
},
"expansion": "終止形(しゅうしけい) (shūshikei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "二段活用",
"2": "にだん かつよう"
},
"expansion": "二段活用(にだんかつよう) (nidan katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "サ行変格活用",
"2": "サ-ぎょう へんかく かつよう"
},
"expansion": "サ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "カ行変格活用",
"2": "カ-ぎょう へんかく かつよう"
},
"expansion": "カ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ナ行変格活用",
"2": "ナ-ぎょう へんかく かつよう"
},
"expansion": "ナ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (na-gyō henkaku katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "未然形",
"2": "みぜんけい"
},
"expansion": "未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連用形",
"2": "れんようけい"
},
"expansion": "連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "一段活用",
"2": "いちだん かつよう"
},
"expansion": "一段活用(いちだんかつよう) (ichidan katsuyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "けく"
},
"expansion": "けく (keku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ク語法",
"2": "ク-ごほう"
},
"expansion": "ク語法(ごほう) (ku-gohō)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/-u aku//-ru aku//-ki aku/ → /(-a)ku//-raku//-keku/\nOriginally a compound of the 連体形(れんたいけい) (rentaikei) of verbs and adjectives and 所(あく) (aku); Old Japanese contractions of vowel clusters caused it to be reanalyzed as the suffixes:\n* く (ku) following\n** 未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei) of 四段活用(よだんかつよう) (yodan katsuyō) and ラ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ra-gyō henkaku katsuyō) verbs\n* らく (raku) following\n**終止形(しゅうしけい) (shūshikei) of 二段活用(にだんかつよう) (nidan katsuyō), サ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō), カ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō), and ナ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (na-gyō henkaku katsuyō) verbs\n** 未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei) or 連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei) of 一段活用(いちだんかつよう) (ichidan katsuyō) verbs\n* けく (keku) following the stem of adjectives.\nThe use of this nominalizer is called ク語法(ごほう) (ku-gohō).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "所",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"kanji",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "く • (-ku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A nominalizing suffix in Old Japanese."
],
"links": [
[
"Old Japanese",
"Old Japanese#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A nominalizing suffix in Old Japanese."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "く"
}
Download raw JSONL data for く meaning in All languages combined (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.